Diabetes causes marked inhibition of mitochondrial metabolism in pancreatic β-cells
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Elizabeth Haythorne Maria Rohm Martijn van de Bunt Melissa F Brereton Andrei I Tarasov Thomas S Blacker Gregor Sachse Mariana Silva Dos Santos Raul Terron Exposito Simon Davis Otto Baba Roman Fischer Michael R Duchen Patrik Rorsman James Macrae Frances M AshcroftAbstract
Diabetes is a global health problem caused primarily by the inability of pancreatic β-cells to secrete adequate levels of insulin. The molecular mechanisms underlying the progressive failure of β-cells to respond to glucose in type-2 diabetes remain unresolved. Using a combination of transcriptomics and proteomics, we find significant dysregulation of major metabolic pathways in islets of diabetic βV59M mice, a non-obese, eulipidaemic diabetes model. Multiple genes/proteins involved in glycolysis/gluconeogenesis are upregulated, whereas those involved in oxidative phosphorylation are downregulated. In isolated islets, glucose-induced increases in NADH and ATP are impaired and both oxidative and glycolytic glucose metabolism are reduced. INS-1 β-cells cultured chronically at high glucose show similar changes in protein expression and reduced glucose-stimulated oxygen consumption: targeted metabolomics reveals impaired metabolism. These data indicate hyperglycaemia induces metabolic changes in β-cells that markedly reduce mitochondrial metabolism and ATP synthesis. We propose this underlies the progressive failure of β-cells in diabetes.
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Publisher website (DOI) 10.1038/s41467-019-10189-x
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Europe PubMed Central 31171772
Pubmed 31171772