Strong peak immunogenicity but rapid antibody waning following third vaccine dose in older residents of care homes
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G Tut T Lancaster M Krutikov P Sylla D Bone E Spalkova C Bentley U Amin A Jadir S Hulme N Kaur E Tut R Bruton MY Wu R Harvey EJ Carr B Clayton Sina Namjou V Silva M Poulten P Bawumia M Miah S Sade M Miranda T Taylor I D'angelo M Cabrera Jarana M Rahman J Abreu S Sandhar N Bailey S Caidan M Caulfield Mary Wu R Harvey Lorin Adams C Kavanagh Scott Warchal Chelsea Sawyer Mike Gavrielides J Kandasamy K Ambrose Amy Strange T Abiola Nicola O'Reilly Philip Hobson Ana Agua-Doce Emma Russell Andy Riddell Svend Kjaer Annabel Borg Chloe Roustan Christophe Queval Rachel Ulferts Charles Swanton Sonia Gandhi Steve Gamblin Rupert Beale O Stirrup M Shrotri B Azmi C Fuller V Baynton A Irwin-Singer A Hayward A Copas L Shallcross P Moss Toggle all authors (68)
Abstract
Third-dose coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines are being deployed widely but their efficacy has not been assessed adequately in vulnerable older people who exhibit suboptimal responses after primary vaccination series. This observational study, which was carried out by the VIVALDI study based in England, looked at spike-specific immune responses in 341 staff and residents in long-term care facilities who received an mRNA vaccine following dual primary series vaccination with BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1. Third-dose vaccination strongly increased antibody responses with preferential relative enhancement in older people and was required to elicit neutralization of Omicron. Cellular immune responses were also enhanced with strong cross-reactive recognition of Omicron. However, antibody titers fell 21–78% within 100 d after vaccine and 27% of participants developed a breakthrough Omicron infection. These findings reveal strong immunogenicity of a third vaccine in one of the most vulnerable population groups and endorse an approach for widespread delivery across this population. Ongoing assessment will be required to determine the stability of immune protection.
Journal details
Journal Nature Aging
Volume 3
Issue number 1
Pages 93-104
Available online
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Publisher website (DOI) 10.1038/s43587-022-00328-3
Europe PubMed Central 37118525
Pubmed 37118525
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