Systematic review and individual-patient-data meta-analysis of non-invasive fibrosis markers for chronic hepatitis B in Africa
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Asgeir Johannessen Alexander J Stockdale Marc YR Henrion Edith Okeke Moussa Seydi Gilles Wandeler Mark Sonderup C Wendy Spearman Michael Vinikoor Edford Sinkala Hailemichael Desalegn Fatou Fall Nicholas Riches Pantong Davwar Mary Duguru Tongai Maponga Jantjie Taljaard Philippa Matthews Monique Andersson Souleyman Mboup Roger Sombie Yusuke Shimakawa Maud LemoineAbstract
In sub-Saharan Africa, simple biomarkers of liver fibrosis are needed to scale-up hepatitis B treatment. We conducted an individual participant data meta-analysis of 3,548 chronic hepatitis B patients living in eight sub-Saharan African countries to assess the World Health Organization-recommended aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index and two other fibrosis biomarkers using a Bayesian bivariate model. Transient elastography was used as a reference test with liver stiffness measurement thresholds at 7.9 and 12.2kPa indicating significant fibrosis and cirrhosis, respectively. At the World Health Organization-recommended cirrhosis threshold (>2.0), aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index had sensitivity (95% credible interval) of only 16.5% (12.5-20.5). We identified an optimised aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index rule-in threshold (>0.65) for liver stiffness measurement >12.2kPa with sensitivity and specificity of 56.2% (50.5-62.2) and 90.0% (89.0-91.0), and an optimised rule-out threshold (<0.36) with sensitivity and specificity of 80.6% (76.1-85.1) and 64.3% (62.8-65.8). Here we show that the World Health Organization-recommended aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index threshold is inappropriately high in sub-Saharan Africa; improved rule-in and rule-out thresholds can optimise treatment recommendations in this setting.
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Journal Nature Communications
Volume 14
Issue number 1
Pages 45
Available online
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Publisher website (DOI) 10.1038/s41467-022-35729-w
Europe PubMed Central 36596805
Pubmed 36596805
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